{"id":28,"date":"2026-05-05T08:16:34","date_gmt":"2026-05-05T07:16:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/chapter\/primary-source-extracts-the-%e0%b4%85-a-entries\/"},"modified":"2026-05-15T14:13:35","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T13:13:35","slug":"primary-source-extracts-the-%e0%b4%85-a-entries","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/chapter\/primary-source-extracts-the-%e0%b4%85-a-entries\/","title":{"raw":"Primary Source Extracts: The \"\u0d05\" (A) Entries","rendered":"Primary Source Extracts: The “\u0d05” (A) Entries"},"content":{"raw":"
The initial vowel \"\u0d05\" (a) is of high strategic importance. It serves as a foundational demonstrative pronoun and a Sanskrit-derived negative particle. Phonetically, it often exhibits shifts toward the sound of 'e' or 'ai' depending on its position or the following consonant (e.g., <\/span>me\u1e0dayan<\/i> from <\/span>ja\u1e6da<\/i>).<\/span><\/div>\n
Sample Entries<\/span><\/div>\n
    \n \t
  • \u0d05 \u2014 a<\/b> \u2014 1. pron. That, yonder. (e.g., <\/span>avan<\/i>, <\/span>adu<\/i>). 2. Used for the second person as <\/span>ayadd\u0113ham<\/i> (that person\/you).<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  • \u0d05 \u2014 a<\/b> \u2014 S. negative particle, before vowels <\/span>an<\/i>. (e.g., <\/span>a-phalam<\/i> fruit-less).<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  • \u0d05\u0d02 \u2014 am<\/b> \u2014 5. (obs.) = <\/span>a<\/i>, <\/span>adu<\/i>; hence <\/span>a\u1e45\u1e45u<\/i>.<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d02 \u2014 am\u0161am<\/b> \u2014 S. 1. Share, part. 2. Part of a Talook (formerly called a <\/span>m\u014dhabbili<\/i>). 3. Emanation or incarnation of a god.<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d15\u0d02 \u2014 am\u0161a\u03b3am<\/b> \u2014 S. (\u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d02) The fourth part of a day.<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d3f\u0d15\u0d4d\u0d15 \u2014 am\u0161ikka<\/b> \u2014 (\u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d02) To divide, portion.<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d41 \u2014 am\u0161u<\/b> \u2014 S. (\u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d02) Ray (po.) <\/span>am\u0161um\u0101n<\/i> the sun.<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d38\u0d02 \u2014 amsam<\/b> \u2014 S. 1. Shoulder; <\/span>amsa\u1e37am<\/i> strong.<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d38\u0d30\u0d02 \u2014 amsaram<\/b> \u2014 Vu. = <\/span>avasaram<\/i> (occasion\/time).<\/span><\/li>\n \t
  • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d39\u0d38\u0d4d\u0d38\u0d4d \u2014 amhass\u1ee5<\/b> \u2014 S. (L. ango) Anxiety, (throttler) sin.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    The Concept of Tadbhavam (Tdbh)<\/b> <\/span>The label \"Tdbh.\" identifies a <\/span>Tadbhavam<\/i>\u2014a Sanskrit word that has been phonetically modified to fit the Dravidian mouth. A strategic rule seen in these entries is that initial 'r' and 'l' from Sanskrit words typically take a preceding 'a' when naturalized into Malayalam (e.g., <\/span>arakkar<\/i>, <\/span>ara\u1e45\u1e45u<\/i>).<\/span><\/div>\n
    These entries showcase the dictionary's role in mapping the transition from script to semantic meaning.<\/span><\/div>","rendered":"
    The initial vowel “\u0d05” (a) is of high strategic importance. It serves as a foundational demonstrative pronoun and a Sanskrit-derived negative particle. Phonetically, it often exhibits shifts toward the sound of ‘e’ or ‘ai’ depending on its position or the following consonant (e.g., <\/span>me\u1e0dayan<\/i> from <\/span>ja\u1e6da<\/i>).<\/span><\/div>\n
    Sample Entries<\/span><\/div>\n
      \n
    • \u0d05 \u2014 a<\/b> \u2014 1. pron. That, yonder. (e.g., <\/span>avan<\/i>, <\/span>adu<\/i>). 2. Used for the second person as <\/span>ayadd\u0113ham<\/i> (that person\/you).<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0d05 \u2014 a<\/b> \u2014 S. negative particle, before vowels <\/span>an<\/i>. (e.g., <\/span>a-phalam<\/i> fruit-less).<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0d05\u0d02 \u2014 am<\/b> \u2014 5. (obs.) = <\/span>a<\/i>, <\/span>adu<\/i>; hence <\/span>a\u1e45\u1e45u<\/i>.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d02 \u2014 am\u0161am<\/b> \u2014 S. 1. Share, part. 2. Part of a Talook (formerly called a <\/span>m\u014dhabbili<\/i>). 3. Emanation or incarnation of a god.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d15\u0d02 \u2014 am\u0161a\u03b3am<\/b> \u2014 S. (\u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d02) The fourth part of a day.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d3f\u0d15\u0d4d\u0d15 \u2014 am\u0161ikka<\/b> \u2014 (\u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d02) To divide, portion.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d41 \u2014 am\u0161u<\/b> \u2014 S. (\u0d05\u0d02\u0d36\u0d02) Ray (po.) <\/span>am\u0161um\u0101n<\/i> the sun.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d38\u0d02 \u2014 amsam<\/b> \u2014 S. 1. Shoulder; <\/span>amsa\u1e37am<\/i> strong.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d38\u0d30\u0d02 \u2014 amsaram<\/b> \u2014 Vu. = <\/span>avasaram<\/i> (occasion\/time).<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0d05\u0d02\u0d39\u0d38\u0d4d\u0d38\u0d4d \u2014 amhass\u1ee5<\/b> \u2014 S. (L. ango) Anxiety, (throttler) sin.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      The Concept of Tadbhavam (Tdbh)<\/b> <\/span>The label “Tdbh.” identifies a <\/span>Tadbhavam<\/i>\u2014a Sanskrit word that has been phonetically modified to fit the Dravidian mouth. A strategic rule seen in these entries is that initial ‘r’ and ‘l’ from Sanskrit words typically take a preceding ‘a’ when naturalized into Malayalam (e.g., <\/span>arakkar<\/i>, <\/span>ara\u1e45\u1e45u<\/i>).<\/span><\/div>\n
      These entries showcase the dictionary’s role in mapping the transition from script to semantic meaning.<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-28","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":19,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/28","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/28\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/28\/revisions\/29"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/19"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/28\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=28"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=28"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.psgaesthetics.uk\/gundert\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=28"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}